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Reverse Osmosis
Reverse osmosis is a high-efficient technique for dewatering process
streams, concentrating/separating low-molecular-weight substances in solution,
or cleaning wastewater. It has the ability to concentrate all dissolved and
suspended solids. The permeate contains a very low concentration of dissolved
solids. Reverse Osmosis is typically used for the desalination of seawater. |
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Nanofiltration
Nanofiltration is selected when Reverse Osmosis and Ultrafiltration are not
the correct choice for separation. Nanofiltration can perform separation
applications such as demineralization, colour removal, and desalination. In
concentration of organic solutes, suspended solids, and polyvalent ions, the
permeate contains monovalent ions and low-molecular-weight organic solutions
like alcohol. |
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Ultrafiltration
Ultrafiltration is a selective fractionation process using pressures up to
145 psi (10 bar). Ultrafiltration is widely used in the fractionation of milk
and whey, and in protein fractionation. It concentrates suspended solids and
solutes of molecular weight greater than 1,000. The permeate has
low-molecular-weight organic solutes and salts. |