Reverse Osmosis

Reverse osmosis is a high-efficient technique for dewatering process streams, concentrating/separating low-molecular-weight substances in solution, or cleaning wastewater. It has the ability to concentrate all dissolved and suspended solids. The permeate contains a very low concentration of dissolved solids. Reverse Osmosis is typically used for the desalination of seawater. 

Nanofiltration

Nanofiltration is selected when Reverse Osmosis and Ultrafiltration are not the correct choice for separation. Nanofiltration can perform separation applications such as demineralization, colour removal, and desalination. In concentration of organic solutes, suspended solids, and polyvalent ions, the permeate contains monovalent ions and low-molecular-weight organic solutions like alcohol.

Ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration is a selective fractionation process using pressures up to 145 psi (10 bar). Ultrafiltration is widely used in the fractionation of milk and whey, and in protein fractionation. It concentrates suspended solids and solutes of molecular weight greater than 1,000. The permeate has low-molecular-weight organic solutes and salts.

Microfiltration

Microfiltration is a low-pressure cross-flow membrane process for separating colloidal and suspended particles in the range of 0.05-10 microns. Microfiltration is used for fermentation, broth clarification and biomass clarification and recovery.